Section 5 of the safety data sheet (SDS) plays a vital role in fire emergency preparedness for chemical substances and mixtures. It provides essential information on suitable extinguishing techniques, fire-related hazards, and protective measures for firefighting personnel. Proper safety data sheet preparation requires careful consideration of these factors to ensure the safety of users and emergency responders.

Importance of Section 5 in SDS Preparation

Effective SDS preparation relies on a detailed analysis of the substance’s flammability, oxidizing potential, and the likelihood of hazardous combustion products. These details help users select appropriate preventive measures and firefighting strategies in the event of a fire.

5.1 Extinguishing Media

This subsection must clearly specify:

• Suitable extinguishing agents – e.g., water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide (CO₂), or dry chemical powder. Recommendations should be based on the product’s known properties; for example, alcohol-based solutions require alcohol-resistant foam.

• Unsuitable extinguishing agents – e.g., water in cases where it may react violently with the substance.

Providing accurate guidance here helps limit fire damage and reduce risks to health and the environment.

5.2 Special Hazards Arising from the Substance or Mixture

This part lists possible hazards in fire conditions, such as:

• the release of toxic gases and smoke,

• risk of explosion or container rupture,

• formation of corrosive or toxic combustion products,

• fire spreading to nearby materials.

Such information is essential for defining protective actions and emergency protocols.

5.3 Advice for Firefighters

This section provides recommendations for emergency responders, including:

• Personal protective equipment – e.g., chemical-resistant clothing, self-contained breathing apparatus,

• Special firefighting procedures – such as cooling exposed containers and avoiding inhalation of combustion products,

• Environmental protection measures – e.g., preventing chemical runoff into sewers or waterways.

These recommendations help ensure firefighter safety in high-risk environments.

Links to Other SDS Sections

Section 5 should align with information in:

• Section 2 – hazard identification (e.g., flammability),

• Section 3 – composition (important for identifying reactive components),

• Section 9 – physical and chemical properties (e.g., flash point),

• Section 10 – stability and reactivity (e.g., exothermic reactions).

Cross-referencing ensures coherence and regulatory compliance.

Summary

Section 5 of the SDS outlines essential guidance on firefighting measures for hazardous chemicals. During safety data sheet preparation, it is crucial to provide precise recommendations for extinguishing methods, hazard identification, and responder safety. Well-prepared SDSs support effective risk management and emergency response.